25 30 35 40 45 Pleven RUSSIA Shumen Sochi Nal’chik Groznyy BULGARIA Varna Vladikavkaz Sliven Black Sea Sokhumi Stara Burgas Plovdiv Zagora K’ut’aisi GEORGIA P’ot’i T’elavi Sup’sa Gori Edirne ura Kirklareli Sinop K Rust’avi Bat’umi Tbilisi Xánthi a s Bosporus Bafra t Bartin i Zonguldak Qazax r a ( ( Samsun Artvin GREECE M Tekirdag Çorlu Eregli Karabük Kastamonu Ardahan Alexandroúpolis Kocaeli Trabzon Vanadzor Istanbul Ordu Rize AZER. Samothráki Sea of (Izmit) Düzce k Gyumri Gebze rma Marmara es¸ili Giresun ARMENIA Sakarya Y Kars Yalova Bolu Çankiri Nehri Sevana Gökçeada Eceabat Bandirma (Adapazari) Amasya Lich 40 Gümüshane¸ oruh 40 Dardanelles Çorum Ç Çanakkale Kizilirmak Aras Yerevan Bursa Bilecik Tokat Bayburt ( Límnos Sakarya Igdir Bozcaada ( Balikesir NehriAnkara Dogubayazit Eskisehir¸ Erzurum ( Bozüyük Yozgat Erzincan Agri Kirikkale Mt. Ararat Naxçivan Sivas 5,166 m Lésvos Aras AZER. Kütahya (16,949 ft) Maku¯¯ Aegean Kirsehir¸ Keban Tunceli Sea Kizilirmak Kara Bingöl Manisa Baraji Mus¸ IRAN Afyonkarahisar Kaya ( i Turgutlu Baraji hr ferry Khvoy Chíos Çesme¸ Elazig Murat Ne Usak¸ Aksehir¸ Tuz Nevsehir¸ Van Izmir Salihli Gölü Kayseri Bitlis Aksehir¸ Gölü Malatya Lake ) Lake Egirdir Aksaray Van Sámos Aydin Gölü Euphrates Kurtalan Urmia Ikaría Nehri s ferry Batman Siirt ere ( Söke Büyük Mend Nigde Adiyaman Diyarbakir Denizli Nehri Tigris Orumiyeh¯ ¯ Isparta Konya Sirnak¸ Hakkari Burdur Kahramanmaras¸ Nehri Náxos Beysehir¸ Atatürk Cizre ( Mugla( Gölü Eregli Baraji VIransehir¸ Mardin Zakho Great Seyhan Ceyhan Dahuk¯ Zab Kos Karaman Adana Gaziantep Sanliurfa¸ GREECE Antalya Tarsus Osmaniye Al Qamishli¯ ¯ Buhayrat¸ Fethiye Göksu Ceyhan Dahuk¯ Içel Kilis Buhayrat¸ Gulf of (Mersin) Iskenderun Tall ‘Afar Mosul Dokan RóDepartment of State Antalya Nehri Al Hasakah¸ GGulfulf ooff Arbil¯ Sea of Crete Rhodes Antioch Zab Megísti IskenderunIskenderun Buhayrat¸ Aleppo al Asad Euphrates ¯ Ar Little Idlib ¯ O Raqqah Kirkuk Khabur r o Kyrenia Latakia n 35 35 t Turkey e Dayr az Zawr s not in use CYPRUS Baniyas¯¯ Hamah¯ Nahr al Bayji¯ Tigris International boundary Nicosia SYRIA Larnaca ¸¸Tartus¯ Buhayrat¸ al National capital Paphos Hims¸¸ Qadisiyah¯ Limassol Samarra’¯¯ Railroad Tripoli Tadmur Al Qa’im¯ Expressway LEBANON Buhayrat¸ ath Ba‘qubah¯ Mediterranean Beirut Tharthar¯ Road Ar Ramadi¯ ¯ ‘Akashat¯¯ Sea Sidon Euphrates 0 100 200 Kilometers At Tanf Baghdad Tyre Damascus Golan Heights IRAQ 0 100 200 Miles (Israeli-occupied) Buhayrat Al Hillah¸ Haifa ar Razazah¯ Karbala’¯ Lambert Conformal Conic Projection SP 34 17N/4205N As Suwayda’¯ Dar‘a¯ JORDAN Boundary representation is 30 ISRAEL Irbid 40 not necessarily authoritative. An Najaf Base 802946AI (C00355) 4-06

25 30 35 40 45 Pleven RUSSIA Shumen Sochi Nal’chik Groznyy BULGARIA Varna Vladikavkaz Sliven Black Sea Sokhumi Stara Burgas Plovdiv Zagora K’ut’aisi GEORGIA P’ot’i T’elavi Sup’sa Gori Edirne ura Kirklareli Sinop K Rust’avi Bat’umi Tbilisi Xánthi a s Bosporus Bafra t Bartin i Zonguldak Qazax r a ( ( Samsun Artvin GREECE M Tekirdag Çorlu Eregli Karabük Kastamonu Ardahan Alexandroúpolis Kocaeli Trabzon Vanadzor Istanbul Ordu Rize AZER. Samothráki Sea of (Izmit) Düzce k Gyumri Gebze rma Marmara es¸ili Giresun ARMENIA Sakarya Y Kars Yalova Bolu Çankiri Nehri Sevana Gökçeada Eceabat Bandirma (Adapazari) Amasya Lich 40 Gümüshane¸ oruh 40 Dardanelles Çorum Ç Çanakkale Kizilirmak Aras Yerevan Bursa Bilecik Tokat Bayburt ( Límnos Sakarya Igdir Bozcaada ( Balikesir NehriAnkara Dogubayazit Eskisehir¸ Erzurum ( Bozüyük Yozgat Erzincan Agri Kirikkale Mt. Ararat Naxçivan Sivas 5,166 m Lésvos Aras AZER. Kütahya (16,949 ft) Maku¯¯ Aegean Kirsehir¸ Keban Tunceli Sea Kizilirmak Kara Bingöl Manisa Baraji Mus¸ IRAN Afyonkarahisar Kaya ( i Turgutlu Baraji hr ferry Khvoy Chíos Çesme¸ Elazig Murat Ne Usak¸ Aksehir¸ Tuz Nevsehir¸ Van Izmir Salihli Gölü Kayseri Bitlis Aksehir¸ Gölü Malatya Lake ) Lake Egirdir Aksaray Van Sámos Aydin Gölü Euphrates Kurtalan Urmia Ikaría Nehri s ferry Batman Siirt ere ( Söke Büyük Mend Nigde Adiyaman Diyarbakir Denizli Nehri Tigris Orumiyeh¯ ¯ Isparta Konya Sirnak¸ Hakkari Burdur Kahramanmaras¸ Nehri Náxos Beysehir¸ Atatürk Cizre ( Mugla( Gölü Eregli Baraji Viransehir¸ Mardin Zakho Great Seyhan Ceyhan Dahuk¯ Zab Kos Karaman Adana Gaziantep Sanliurfa¸ GREECE Antalya Tarsus Osmaniye Al Qamishli¯ ¯ Buhayrat¸ Fethiye Göksu Ceyhan Dahuk¯ Içel Kilis Buhayrat¸ Gulf of (Mersin) Iskenderun Tall ‘Afar Mosul Dokan Ródos Antalya Nehri Al Hasakah¸ GGulfulf ooff Arbil¯ Sea of Crete Rhodes Antioch Zab Megísti IskenderunIskenderun Buhayrat¸ Aleppo al Asad Euphrates ¯ Ar Little Idlib ¯ O Raqqah Kirkuk Khabur r o Kyrenia Latakia n 35 35 t Turkey e Dayr az Zawr s not in use CYPRUS Baniyas¯¯ Hamah¯ Nahr al Bayji¯ Tigris International boundary Nicosia SYRIA Larnaca ¸¸Tartus¯ Buhayrat¸ al National capital Paphos Hims¸¸ Qadisiyah¯ Limassol Samarra’¯¯ Railroad Tripoli Tadmur Al Qa’im¯ Expressway LEBANON Buhayrat¸ ath Ba‘qubah¯ Mediterranean Beirut Tharthar¯ Road Ar Ramadi¯ ¯ ‘Akashat¯¯ Sea Sidon Euphrates 0 100 200 Kilometers At Tanf Baghdad Tyre Damascus Golan Heights IRAQ 0 100 200 Miles (Israeli-occupied) Buhayrat Al Hillah¸ Haifa ar Razazah¯ Karbala’¯ Lambert Conformal Conic Projection SP 34 17N/4205N As Suwayda’¯ Dar‘a¯ JORDAN Boundary representation is 30 ISRAEL Irbid 40 not necessarily authoritative. An Najaf Base 802946AI (C00355) 4-06