14 FAH-2 H-420
TECHNICAL EVALUATION FOR COMPETITIVELY NEGOTIATED
ACQUISITIONS
(CT:COR-51; 04-19-2019)
(Office of Origin: A/OPE)
14 FAH-2 H-421 TECHNICAL EVALUATION
RESPONSIBILITIES
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. Acquisition policy requires that any competitively
negotiated acquisition have, as a part of the procurement request package, a
plan for evaluating the proposals and ranking the prospective offerors. See 14 FAH-2 H-360
for detailed information on developing the evaluation plan.
b. The purpose of the technical evaluation is to select
those offerors whose proposals offer the U.S. Government the best composite
blend of performance, schedules, and quality of work.
14 FAH-2 H-421.1 Contracting
Officers Representative (COR) Responsibilities
(CT:COR-51; 04-19-2019)
The contracting officers representative (COR) is
responsible for recommending, to the contracting officer, prospective technical
evaluation panel (TEP) members who are technically competent to identify the
strengths and weaknesses of the various proposals. In most instances, the
contracting officer appoints the COR as the chairperson of the TEP (reference 14 FAH-2 H-142,
subparagraph b(6)). If the requirements
office is a contracting office (e.g., the Office of Acquisitions Management (A/OPE/AQM)), special care is needed to ensure
proper contract administration and internal controls. In these situations, the
contracting officer may perform all contract administration responsibilities,
or may appoint an individual who is independent of the project.
14 FAH-2 H-421.2 Contracting
Officer Responsibilities
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The contracting officer is responsible for ensuring that
the technical evaluation is appropriately conducted. The contracting officer
appoints the members of the technical evaluation panel in writing (reference 14 FAH-2 H-141 subparagraph b(5)).
14 FAH-2 H-421.3 Technical
Evaluation Panel (TEP) Responsibilities
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The TEP is responsible for evaluating the original
proposals; making recommendations to the chairperson regarding clarifications
and deficiencies; reviewing final proposal revisions; and, if required,
assisting the contracting officer during discussions and negotiations with the
offerors (reference 14 FAH-2
H-124.1, Definitions).
14 FAH-2 H-422 SELECTION OF THE
TECHNICAL EVALUATION PANEL (TEP)
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. The TEP and its chairperson should be designated
early in the acquisition process so that they may provide input into the
performance work statement and the technical evaluation plan. The contracting
officer selects the TEP members based upon the recommendation of the
contracting officers representative (COR), who
represents the requirements office. To the extent possible, to ensure
consistency, the same panel members should be available throughout the
evaluation and selection process.
b. The TEP generally consists of from three to five
members of whom one, usually the COR, is designated as the chairperson. All
should have technical qualifications suited to the technical evaluation task.
14 FAH-2 H-423 BRIEFING THE TECHNICAL
EVALUATION PANEL (TEP)
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The contracting officer is responsible for ensuring that
the TEP is briefed on the procedures for conducting the evaluation. However,
the contracting officer, program official, or chairperson may conduct the
briefing. Matters that should be addressed include:
(1) Solicitation documents review;
(2) Standards of conduct and conflicts of interest,
potential and real (see 14 FAH-2 H-150);
(3) Security requirements and other administrative
matters;
(4) Date for submission of evaluation reports;
(5) Handling classified material, protected
information, and information concerning technical evaluation panel (TEP)
activities;
(6) Explanation of procedure for evaluating proposals;
and
(7) Explanation of time commitment involved.
14 FAH-2 H-423.1 Solicitation
Documents Review
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The technical evaluation panel (TEP) members should review
the acquisition objectives; the request for proposal, including the performance
work statement and technical evaluation criteria; and the technical evaluation
plan before evaluating the proposals. The evaluators must adhere to the evaluation
criteria and relative weights as stated in the request for
proposals (RFP) when evaluating the proposals.
14 FAH-2 H-423.2 Standards of
Conduct and Conflicts of Interest, Potential and Real
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
Technical evaluation panel (TEP) members should have no
real or apparent conflicts of interest relating to the proposal being
evaluated. They are responsible for disqualifying themselves from all
participation if such a conflict exists. Panel members are prohibited from
making any contact with an offeror unless such contact is approved by the
contracting officer. See 5 CFR 2635.401 for
"Conflicting Financial Interests" and 5 CFR 2635.501 for impartiality in "Performing Official
Duties" which includes provisions on appropriate steps an employee should
to take in order to avoid the appearance of loss of impartiality in the
performance of official duties.
14 FAH-2 H-423.3 Security
Requirements and Other Administrative Matters
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The chairperson of the technical evaluation panel (TEP),
coordinates the evaluation and briefs the panel on administrative and
logistical arrangements.
14 FAH-2 H-423.4 Date for
Submission of Evaluation Reports
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The contracting officer must establish a date by which the
technical evaluation panel (TEP) should complete its evaluation. The TEP
chairperson must submit a summary evaluation report with attached individual
reports to the contracting officer. The TEP chairperson must inform the
contracting officer if this date cannot be met. Proper planning for the
acquisition will allow time to be allocated for proposal evaluation.
14 FAH-2 H-423.5 Handling
Classified Material, Protected Information, and Information Concerning
Technical Evaluation Panel (TEP) Activities
(CT:COR-48; 05-04-2018)
a. The contracting officer and the TEP chairperson are
responsible for ensuring that all evaluators are aware of security procedures
regarding the handling of classified material, if any aspect of the acquisition
involves classified information.
b. Because of the sensitive nature of all negotiated
acquisitions, personnel involved in the evaluation process must maintain
confidentiality. TEP members must not disclose information concerning the
acquisition to any person not directly involved in the evaluation process.
c. In a competitive acquisition, the winning proposal
is based on advantage to the U.S. Government, either of price or technical
excellence. Offerors submit information regarding proposed price or technical
approach in confidence. Offerors submit such information with the
understanding that it will not be disclosed unless required by law.
d. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552) as implemented by Department of State at 22 CFR
171 specifies how and when Department of
State records must be made available upon public request. Contracting officers
may receive requests for records that may be exempted from mandatory public
disclosure because of classified information, trade secrets, confidential commercial
or financial information, or other reasons. All requests for information under
FOIA must be referred to the Office of Information Programs and Services
(A/GIS/IPS/RL), Department of State, Washington, DC 20522-8100 or fax
202-261-8579 Re: Freedom of Information Act Requests. The most current information is available from
the Department of State FOIA website.
e. All TEP members must understand that the
unauthorized disclosure of certain business information submitted to the U.S.
Government in confidence constitutes an offense with civil and criminal
penalties under 41 U.S.C. 2105.
f. Precautions for safeguarding the contents of
proposals include:
(1) The contracting officer ensures that all
"source selection information" as defined in 48 CFR 2.101 is appropriately marked as "Source
Selection Information" to facilitate appropriate protection or disclosure
in accordance with FAR 48 CFR 3.104-4 and
41 U.S.C. 2102;
(2) Ensuring that proposals are not left unattended
unless secured under lock and key;
(3) Avoiding casual conversation regarding content of
the proposals both during and after the evaluation;
(4) Ensuring that, when evaluators are working, no
unauthorized personnel enter the evaluation area;
(5) Ensuring that notes are not left lying about and
that drafts of reports are destroyed so that fragments are not found in the
trash; and
(6) Ensuring that no photocopying of any solicitation
materials is allowed.
14 FAH-2 H-423.6 Explanation of
Procedure for Evaluating Proposals
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The individual briefing the TEP must outline the steps and
timeline to be followed in performing the technical evaluation.
14 FAH-2 H-423.7 Explanation of
Time Commitment Involved
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
It is essential that TEP members devote the necessary time
and effort to attend meetings, read proposals, and properly document the TEP's
activities. Any individual issues that surface should be dealt with at the
outset by the TEP chairperson and contracting officer. If an individual member
cannot devote the necessary time and no relief from conflicting
responsibilities is possible, the chairperson should request that the member be
replaced promptly. Persons and supervisors accepting in and concurring in an
appointment to a TEP should be aware that during the TEP life, a member's first
responsibility is to the TEP's activities.
14 FAH-2 H-424 PERFORMING THE TECHNICAL
EVALUATION
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. The following provides a brief synopsis of the
technical evaluation process. The steps will be discussed in more detail in
subsequent sections of this 14 FAH-2 H-420 subchapter.
b. Upon receipt of the proposals, the contracting
officer requests that the TEP convene to evaluate the proposals. The TEP meets
at the call of the chairperson. The TEP should establish a schedule for its
deliberations, including meeting dates that support the contracting officer's
planned date for completion of the technical evaluation.
c. The chairperson receives only the technical
proposals (i.e., all price information removed) from the contracting officer
and distributes them to the TEP members.
d. The TEP reviews and evaluates the technical
proposals in accordance with the evaluation criteria set forth in the RFP and
the evaluation plan.
e. The contracting officer retains the cost/price
proposals and assesses them, with assistance as needed, from contracting,
legal, and audit personnel. No cost information is provided to the technical
evaluators until their technical evaluation is complete.
f. Upon receipt of the TEP's initial report, the
contracting officer determines the competitive range (if award is not made on
the initial proposals) by selecting those proposals that are the most highly
rated.
g. The contracting officer, with the assistance of the
TEP, conducts written or oral discussions/negotiations with those offerors in
the competitive range. The offerors are provided an opportunity to submit
final proposal revisions, i.e., revised proposals.
h. The TEP evaluates the final proposal revisions and
revises its findings, as appropriate. Based on the TEP's findings, the
contracting officer selects for award the offeror whose proposal offers the
greatest value to the U.S. Government, cost or price, technical, and other
factors considered.
i. The contracting officer must notify all
unsuccessful offerors of the final award of the contract. Offerors may request
in writing a formal debriefing, i.e., an explanation of why they did not
receive the contract award.
14 FAH-2 H-424.1 Rating the
Proposals
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. The TEP chairperson distributes the technical
evaluation plan and sets of evaluation sheets (if not already included in the
plan) to each TEP member. See 14 FAH-2 H-360 for additional information on the evaluation of
each proposal.
b. The TEP must evaluate the proposals using the
criteria and relative importance set forth in the RFP
and incorporated into the technical evaluation plan. Any deviation from the
RFP criteria will necessitate a formal amendment to the RFP informing all
parties of the change.
c. The TEP must follow the methodology for rating the
proposals included in the technical evaluation plan in order to ensure
impartiality and objectivity in the conduct of the evaluation. A key fact to
remember is that proposals must be evaluated against the solicitation
requirements and evaluation criteria, not against each other.
d. Each TEP member must independently review, evaluate,
and rate each proposal. TEP members should make professional value judgments
in accordance with the guidance provided in the evaluation plan.
e. When using numerical weights, they should be used
for ranking purposes only, not for determining acceptability. The TEP should
first assess technical merit in terms of qualitative, adjectival ratings, each
supported by a narrative description and later converted to numerical values.
f. Each TEP member must document his or her rating for
each proposal in writing, and sign and date the evaluation plan or rating
sheet. This documentation may be hand written, but must be legible.
14 FAH-2 H-424.2 Narrative Comments
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. The TEP must advise the contracting officer of the
strengths and weaknesses of the technical proposals. These data are an
essential element of the TEP's initial technical evaluation report to the
contracting officer.
b. Each evaluator must provide narrative comments
supporting the rating, for each evaluation criterion, on each proposal. TEP
members must take special care to properly justify in writing any extremely
high or extremely low ratings assigned.
c. As each TEP member rates each proposal, he or she
should prepare the narrative explanation for the ratings while the rationale is
clearly in mind. At the moment a TEP member concludes that a proposal feature
merits a particular rating, he or she usually has in mind the basis for that
rating which must be captured in the written narrative. Otherwise, the
rationale must be remembered later in the evaluation process, perhaps several
days or weeks later, and after reading and evaluating a number of other
proposals. Failure to document the basis for the rating makes intelligent
discussion of the proposals by the TEP very difficult. Without the narrative
explanation, the TEP will require a significant amount of time to reconstruct
the reasoning underlying the recommendations contained in the TEP reports.
That is a waste of TEP time and resources, plus prolongs the selection
decision.
d. In the narrative, provide strong, clear, substantive comments that support the determination of
acceptability or nonacceptability and explain the specific strengths and
weaknesses of each proposal in comparison to the solicitation.
e. The TEP chairperson should ensure that the comments
prepared by each TEP member fully relate to and support the assigned rating.
Toward this end, the TEP chairperson may discuss the comments with the
individual evaluators.
f. Unsuccessful offerors, upon their written request,
must be debriefed and furnished the basis for the selection decision and
contract award. Debriefing information must include the U.S. Government's
evaluation of the significant weak or deficient factors in the proposal. Thus,
the narrative explanation of proposal deficiencies is essential for the
contracting officer to provide debriefings to unsuccessful offerors.
14 FAH-2 H-424.2-1 Identifying
Ambiguities
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. Technical evaluation panel (TEP) members should not
presume the meaning of any part of a proposal that is not clear on its own
terms. The TEP chairperson should identify items requiring clarification or
interpretation to the contracting officer.
b. It is the responsibility of the contracting officer
to address inquiries to offerors regarding needed clarification. The inquiry
(not request) must limit the offeror's response to the clarification needed,
and make clear that substantive revisions that would constitute a new proposal
are not desired and will not be evaluated.
14 FAH-2 H-424.2-2 Insufficient
Documentation of Technical Approach
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
In some instances, a proposal may lack sufficient
information to permit an assessment of its technical feasibility. The needed
information should be identified in writing by the evaluator. As in the case
of ambiguous language, and for the same reasons TEP members should not seek
additional information from offerors but should bring the matter to the
attention of the contracting officer through the TEP chairperson.
14 FAH-2 H-424.2-3 Identifying
Deficiencies and Unacceptable Proposals
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. Any aspect of a proposal that does not fulfill the
minimum requirements of the solicitation is called a "deficiency" and
a proposal that is "deficient" is, by definition,
"unacceptable." This does not mean, however, that the deficiency
cannot be remedied and that the proposal cannot be made "acceptable."
b. A determination of nonacceptability must be based on
the minimum requirements set forth in the RFP. These requirements may relate
to either the technical qualifications of the offeror or the technical adequacy
of what is being proposed by the offeror.
c. For each deficiency, the TEP member should provide
a written explanation of why the minimum requirement was not met and an
opinion, with supporting rationale, as to whether the deficiency can be
remedied by the offeror or whether remedying the deficiency would entail so
substantial a revision as to amount to allowing the submission of a second
proposal.
14 FAH-2 H-424.3 Reaching a
Consensus
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. The TEP should meet after all members have completed
rating all proposals. TEP members should be encouraged to discuss the
proposals with each other during the consensus meeting(s). It is permissible
for TEP members to change their ratings of one or more proposals if this
discussion reveals information the TEP member has missed in evaluating the
proposal or his or her assessment changes.
b. TEP members must reach and support a consensus,
concerning the technical merit, strengths, and weaknesses of each proposal. As
a result of discussions leading to a consensus, no TEP member should be
pressured to change a rating or comment, but any TEP member is free to change
any initial ratings or comments he or she has assigned.
c. After each TEP member has evaluated the proposals,
under the chairperson's leadership they will collectively develop a consensus
reflecting the varying viewpoints and contributions of the TEP members.
d. As a part of the initial technical evaluation
report, the TEP provides the contracting officer with both the consensus
ratings and narrative explanation for each rating. In exceptional cases, where
the TEP is unable to reach agreement, the initial technical evaluation report
should include both the majority conclusion and the dissenting view(s), each
with supporting rationale.
14 FAH-2 H-424.4 Initial Technical
Evaluation Report
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. The initial technical evaluation report must be
prepared and signed by all voting TEP members for submission to the contracting
officer. The report includes a narrative evaluation that specifies the
strengths and weaknesses of each proposal and any reservations or qualifications
which may affect source selection, negotiation, or award. Two sample
evaluation report formats are provided; 14 FAH-2
Exhibit H-424.4(1) addresses the
tradeoff process and 14 FAH-2
Exhibit H-424.4(2) covers the lowest
price technically acceptable (LPTA) process.
b. The initial technical evaluation report includes a
technical ranking of all proposals, listed in descending order of technical
merit (when using the tradeoff process); plus, an assessment of the proposals
as being either technically acceptable, capable of being made acceptable, or
unacceptable.
c. For any proposals determined to be unacceptable,
the report must clearly indicate the reasons and should specify whether the
proposals could be made acceptable through the submission of clarifying information
by the offeror.
d. The initial technical evaluation report provides a
basis for the contracting officer to develop a plan for the negotiations with
the offerors, and for making the selection of the winning offer. The
contracting officer will incorporate the initial technical evaluation report's
major points in the memorandum of negotiations and may refer to the report in
debriefing unsuccessful offerors.
14 FAH-2 H-424.5 Comptroller
General Decisions Relating to Technical Evaluation
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
The Comptroller General of the United States, Government
Accountability Office (GAO), has statutory authority to consider pre- and
post-award protests by firms interested in acquiring U.S. Government
contracts. The following is an informal list of some important precedents
derived from Comptroller General decisions:
(1) Technical evaluation panel (TEP) members must not
apply a pre-determined cut-off score in evaluating proposals as to
acceptability;
(2) A proposal must fully comply with all mandatory
requirements of a request for proposals (RFP) to be in an acceptable range to
receive further consideration by the TEP;
(3) The U.S. Government must evaluate each proposal on
its own merits using the criteria stated in the RFP, and not in comparison or
contrast with any other proposal. The rating official must record the
evaluation, in writing, and, as necessary, provide comments as to acceptability
or nonacceptability;
(4) Each member of the TEP must evaluate all
proposals. Proposals may not be divided among the members. If ten (10)
proposals are received, each member must evaluate each of the ten,
independently and without reference to other proposals;
(5) It is improper to reject, without discussions, a
proposal because the offeror fails to meet a known design criterion, if the
criterion was not stated in the RFP;
(6) Several decisions have held that use of a point
rating system for the evaluation of proposals is permissible. However, purely
quantitative ratings are not, by themselves, an adequate basis to eliminate an
offer from further consideration;
(7) The TEP must document the selection process.
Protests have been lost due to a lack of "evidence of reasonable
basis" for a selection. The TEP needs to explain what information caused
the point score to be assigned for the proposal; and
(8) Where the record reflects that the evaluation
followed the solicitation's criteria, GAO usually will deny the protest, absent
a showing of fraud or abuse on the part of the U.S. Government.
14 FAH-2 H-425 REVIEWING COST/PRICE
PROPOSALS
(CT:COR-51; 04-19-2019)
a. The contracting officer is responsible for
evaluating the business aspects of an offeror's proposal. The contracting
officer retains the cost/price proposals and evaluates them, with assistance as
needed, from contracting, legal, and audit personnel. No cost information is
provided to the technical evaluators until their technical evaluation is
complete.
b. Each business proposal requires some form of price
or cost analysis to determine whether:
(1) The price or cost is reasonable;
(2) The offeror understands the work; and
(3) The offeror is able to perform the contract.
c. A/OPE/AQM contracting
officers may utilize the cost analysis services of the cost/price analysis
organization in A/OPE/AQM/BOD. A/OPE/AQM/BOD engages the Defense Contract Audit
Agency (DCAA) and other audit support as needed.
14 FAH-2 H-426 DETERMINING THE
COMPETITIVE RANGE
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
a. Determining the competitive range means determining,
based upon evaluation of initial proposals, the offerors with whom
negotiations/discussions will be held in anticipation of the award of a
contract, if award cannot be made on the basis of initial offers.
b. The contracting officer determines the competitive
range on the basis of cost or price and other factors that were stated in the
solicitation. The competitive range consists of the most highly rated
proposals. The contracting officer may further reduce the competitive range
for purposes of efficiency. This occurs when the contracting officer
determines that the number of most highly rated proposals that might otherwise
be included in the competitive range exceeds the number at which the U.S.
Government can conduct an efficient competition, provided the solicitation notified
offerors as required in FAR 48 CFR 15.306(c).
c. The U.S. Government does not conduct
discussions/negotiations with an offeror whose proposal is not in the
competitive range (reference FAR 48 CFR 15.307(a)).
14 FAH-2 H-427 THROUGH H-429 UNASSIGNED
14 FAH-2 Exhibit H-424.4(1)
Format for an Initial Technical Evaluation Report - Tradeoff Process
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
MEMORANDUM FOR: [Contracting Officer]
FROM: [Name], Chairperson,
Technical Evaluation Panel (TEP)
SUBJECT: Initial Technical Evaluation of Offers
Submitted under Request for Proposals (RFP) [number]
Attached for your review are the results of the TEPs
initial evaluation of the technical proposals submitted under the subject RFP.
I. Basis for Evaluation:
All technical proposals provided to the TEP were
evaluated against the evaluation criteria published in Section M of the RFP.
Each panel member independently read and evaluated each proposal in accordance
with the approved evaluation plan and RFP.
II. Ranking of Proposals:
The TEP, as a whole, reviewed the individual
members findings and determined the consensus ratings and technical
acceptability of each proposal as shown below:
|
Name of Offeror
|
Consensus Rating1
|
Acceptability2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Add more blocks as necessary.]
III. Analysis of Proposals
[For
each proposal, describe the facts that were significant in arriving at its
rating and technical acceptability. Describe the principal deficiencies,
weaknesses and strengths that contributed to this assessment. This analysis
may be done on a factor-by-factor basis.]
IV. Concurrence of TEP Members:
_____________________________________ _______________________________
Signature Date
_____________________________________ _______________________________
Signature Date
_____________________________________ _______________________________
Signature Date
[Adjust as necessary.]
V. Attachments:
[Rating sheets, committee
and/or advisor reports, reference checks documentation, specific items for
clarification, and concerns and questions to be addressed in discussions and
negotiations.]
14 FAH-2 Exhibit H-424.4(2)
Format for an Initial Technical Evaluation Report - Lowest-Price Technically
Acceptable (LPTA) Process
(CT:COR-37; 08-12-2015)
MEMORANDUM FOR: [Contracting Officer]
FROM: [Name], Chairperson,
Technical Evaluation Panel (TEP)
SUBJECT: Initial Technical Evaluation of Offers
Submitted under Request for Proposals (RFP) [number]
Attached for your review are the results of the TEPs
initial evaluation of the technical proposals submitted under the subject RFP.
I. Basis for Evaluation:
All technical proposals provided to the TEP were
evaluated against the evaluation factors for award published in Section M of
the RFP. Each panel member independently read and evaluated each proposal in
accordance with the approved evaluation plan and RFP. The TEP, as a whole,
determined the technical acceptability of each proposal.
II. Technical Acceptability of
Proposals:
The following is a summary listing of the technical
acceptability of each proposal:
|
Name of Offeror
|
Acceptability3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Add
more blocks as necessary.]
III. Analysis of Proposals:
[For
each proposal, describe the facts that were significant in determining its
technical acceptability. Describe the principal deficiencies, weaknesses and
strengths that contributed to this assessment. This analysis may be done on a
factor-by-factor basis.]
IV. Concurrence of TEP Members:
__________________________________ __________________________________
Signature Date
___________________________________ _________________________________
Signature Date
___________________________________ _________________________________
Signature Date
[Adjust as necessary.]
V. Attachments:
[Rating sheets, committee and/or advisor
reports, reference checks documentation, specific items for clarification, and
concerns and questions to be addressed in discussions and negotiations.]