7 FAM 360
MEDICAL EVACUATION
(CT:CON-858; 11-20-2018)
(Office of Origin: CA/OCS)
7 FAM 361 SUMMARY
7 FAM 361.1 Patient Stabilization
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
When a U.S. citizen/non-citizen national is ill or injured
abroad, the patient or the family may desire to have the patient return home
immediately. The U.S. embassy or consulate cannot make medical decisions about
a patient. Local law determines who is entitled to make decisions about the
patient. The attending physician in the host country also generally must make
a determination that the patient is stable enough to travel. Airlines and air
ambulance services usually will not transport a patient if the attending physician
concludes the patients condition would be further harmed by the flight. Air
carriers and air ambulance services may consult their own physicians to review
documentation from the attending physician in the host country before
undertaking to carry the patient. 7 FAM 390
provides guidance about disembarking, reception and resettlement in the United
States.
7 FAM 361.2 Preparing for Medical
Evacuation
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
While the patient is being stabilized, you can help the
patient and/or the family to assess transportation, escort and resettlement
needs and options. You need to explain clearly that the patient and/or family
are expected to make decisions, to make arrangements and assume costs. U.S.
Government financial assistance is available through the Emergency Medical and
Dietary Assistance (EMDA) and Repatriation Loan Programs only in limited
circumstances (see 7
FAM 370 and 7
FAM 380). 7
FAM 1931 provides information on crime victim assistance, which may include
post-crisis reimbursement for certain expenses incurred by victims or their
families abroad.
7 FAM 361.3 Medical Evacuation is a
Medical Decision for Medical and Public Health Authorities
(CT:CON-524; 07-10-2014)
a. The decision to release a patient from a medical
facility abroad for medical evacuation rests with medical/public health
authorities and with air carriers and their company physicians.
b. Generally, air carriers will not board a patient who
in the opinion of the attending physicians is not expected to survive the
flight.
c. Post should ensure that airlines and officials at
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) of the Department of Homeland
Security and the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (DGMQ), Centers
for Disease Control (CDC) are notified of any medical cases involving serious
communicable disease:
(1) The 24-hour contact number for the CDC Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is
770-488-7100; ask for the DGMQ duty officer. Staff may also email
eocreport@cdc.gov to reach the EOC. Unsecured personally identifiable
information (PII) should not be sent to the CDC by
email. PII may be provided via phone or secure facsimile. If emailed, PII
should be encrypted or in a password-protected document with password provided
in a separate email; and
(2) The 24-hour contact number for the ICE Operations
Center is (202) 732-5200.
d. It is not appropriate for the host country to try to
board such an individual without advance coordination with U.S. authorities.
(See Public Health Screening at U.S. Ports of Entry (POE) a Guide for Federal
Inspectors.)
e. 7 FAM 066
provides Privacy Act guidance.
7 FAM 362 Escorts
(CT:CON-524; 07-10-2014)
a. General Guidelines: Individual airlines have their
own requirements concerning escorts for medically and mentally ill patients.
Most commercial carriers require that escorts for medically or mentally ill
individuals be either a doctor or nurse. Some airlines allow a family member
under certain circumstances. The passengers condition mandates the number of
escorts and their qualifications. Contact air carriers on a case-by-case basis
for information about escort requirements. The escort(s) should accompany the
patient to the final destination in the United States. You should have
contacts with the airlines serving the host country and a general understanding
of the requirements of those air carriers regarding escorts for medical
patients.
b. Escorts for Mental Patients:
(1) 14 CFR 382.29 provides guidance to air carriers
regarding circumstances when an escort or attendant may be required for a
person with a disability;
(2) 14 CFR 382.19(c) provides that air carrier
personnel, as authorized by 14 CFR 91.3 or 14 CFR 121.533, may refuse to
provide transportation to any passenger on the basis of safety, and may refuse
to provide transportation to any passenger whose carriage would violate the
Federal Aviation Regulations. (See also 49 U.S.C. 44902 Refusal to Transport
Passengers.);
(3) The FAA also has informal guidelines regarding the
transporting of mentally ill persons by air (AC 120-34 Air Transportation of
Mental Patients). These guidelines for U.S. flag air carriers and carriers
departing from and landing in the United States are non-binding, and subject to
change. A person suffering from mental illness or other condition that could
make him/her a possible danger to others should not board an aircraft without a
required escort;
(4) Release of Information about a U.S. National
Patient Being Transported by Air: Posts should share appropriate information about
such cases with air carriers in advance so that they can determine the
conditions under which such a person may be allowed onboard the aircraft,
consistent with the Privacy Act. (See 7 FAM 060, and State-05
regarding release of information to air carriers as a routine use.):
(a) In some cases, it may be possible to transport such
an individual only by commercial air ambulance service, with escorts and
medication indicated as appropriate and necessary by attending physicians;
(b) Post and CA/OCS/ACS should alert the Department of
Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration (TSA) if a mental
patient with a history of violence, even under escort, is on board an
aircraft scheduled to land in the United States;
Please send all notifications to the Command Duty Officer
at the Transportation Security Operations Center (TSOC):
CDO.TSA@tsa.dhs.gov
Commercial: 703-563-3400
Toll Free: 866-404-4767
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(c) Specify whether the escort is a qualified medical
professional, law enforcement official, family member or other person;
(d) Also provide details as to whether the patient is
under sedation or physical restraint;
(e) Note that certain actions by such an individual may
be a violation of U.S. laws on crew interference and other threats to aircraft;
and
(f) See 7 FAM 340 Mental
Illness.
(5) See 7 FAM 390
regarding reception and resettlement in the United States. Reception officials
need a full briefing about diagnosis, dosage and other relevant information.
The escort(s) should remain with the patient until the patient reaches the
final destination and is in the care of the reception officials who confirm
that they no longer need the escort(s).
c. Post personnel or family members: Because of the
possibility of claims of liability against the U.S. Government, CA/OCS/ACS
discourages the use of an embassy or consulate employee or such employees
family member as escorts. Make every effort to obtain an appropriate escort
from the local community; use a post employee only as an absolute last resort.
d. Charitable Escort Options: A variety of charitable
organizations provide volunteers who may be able to serve as escorts under
certain circumstances. For example, Airline Ambassadors International (AAI) is
non-profit network of airline employees and others who volunteer as
"Ambassadors of Goodwill" in their home communities and abroad.
Posts local contacts with commercial air carriers may provide information
about similar services. As with post list of doctors, hospitals and air
ambulance services, the disclaimer set forth in 7 FAM 337.4-2
should be included in any list of escorts. Links on post home page should be
preceded with caveat that Inclusion of Non-U.S. Government links or information
does not imply endorsement of contents.
e. Escort Expenses and Fees: Local practice generally
determines what fee, if any, the escort will charge. If the individual is
being repatriated on the basis of a U.S. Government medical repatriation loan,
the escorts fare and expenses as well as any additional charge for the
escorts services are considered part of the repatriation expenses of the U.S.
citizen patient to the port of entry.
f. Sometimes the family can pay for the cost of the
travel of the patient, but not the additional cost of the escort(s). The
latter can be covered in a repatriation loan to be paid by the patient or
family, (see 7
FAM 380). If post believes that an escorts proposed fee is unreasonable,
consult CA/OCS/ACS and include discussion of any alternatives.
7 FAM 363 SPECIAL MEDICAL EVACUATION ISSUES
7 FAM 363.1 Arranging
Transportation For Medically Incapacitated U.S. Citizens
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
a. Unless the individual in question is receiving a
repatriation loan (see 7 FAM 380), post
generally should not become responsible for or involved in travel
arrangements. If family members or friends cannot be located, post may be
dealing with the insurance company, facilitating communication with host
country medical authorities. In such cases, the insurance company would
generally be making the transportation arrangements. If your assistance is
requested to expedite travel arrangements in which no official funds are being
expended, clearly inform all parties that neither post nor the officer will be
held responsible for the adequacy of the arrangements or for any financial
costs.
b. Air ambulance services generally require either
payment up front or a guarantee of payment. For such a contract to be signed
or guarantee to be provided by the post there needs to be both a properly
authorized repatriation loan and fiscal data from the Department (CA/OCS/ACS).
Consular officers may not sign such contracts. They should consult with Posts
Management section to identify the contracting officer who has the authority to
sign a contract or represent to a third party that the money will be available
to pay for the medical evacuation when the service is provided using fiscal
data furnished by the Department (CA/OCS/ACS). Further guidance on
repatriation and EMDA loans provided in 7 FAM 370 and 7 FAM 380.
7 FAM 363.2 Medical Evacuations for
Patients With Communicable Diseases or other Diseases Having Public Health
Concerns
(CT:CON-524; 07-10-2014)
a. When a medical evacuation is necessary, provide the
U.S. national and/or his/her designated family or friends with advice about
available options. U.S. nationals who are ill with highly contagious or
quarantinable communicable diseases may require special precautions to avoid
transmission of disease during travel. These individuals may need assistance with
medical evacuation and the associated logistical arrangements. (See 7 FAM 334 and 7 FAM 359.)
b. For the purposes of this guidance, quarantinable
communicable diseases are those so classified by the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) pursuant to Executive Order 13295, as amended
April 1, 2005, by Executive Order 13375 and Section 361(b) of the Public Health
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 264(b)). Other highly contagious diseases are diseases
considered by medical providers and/or public health authorities to pose a risk
of transmission during travel. Those communicable diseases of public health
concern may not be included in the list of quarantinable communicable diseases,
yet are still a threat to public health;
REVISED CDC LIST OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES REQUIRING
QUARANTINE:
(a) Cholera; Diphtheria; infectious Tuberculosis;
Plague; Smallpox; Yellow Fever; and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (Lassa, Marburg,
Ebola, Crimean-Congo, South American, and others not yet identified or
named).
(b) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), which
is a disease associated with fever and signs and symptoms of pneumonia or
other respiratory illness, and is transmitted from person to person
predominantly by aerosolized or droplet route, and, if spread in the population,
would have severe public health consequences.
(c) Influenza caused by novel or re-emergent
influenza viruses that cause, or have the potential to cause, a
pandemic."
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c. See CDC Guidance on Air Medical Transport for SARS
Patients and PDF Version CDC Guidance on Air Medical Transport for SARS
Patients.
d. You should take the following steps to alert the CDC
and CA/OCS/ACS:
IF
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THEN
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A U.S. national located outside of the United States needs
to be medically evacuated to the United States due to:
A quarantinable communicable disease;
A combination of symptoms suggestive of a quarantinable
communicable disease; or
Any other highly contagious communicable disease that could
pose a risk to the public for those traveling to or residing in the United
States after arrival.
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Notify the CDC Emergency
Operations Center (EOC) (770-488-7100 or email eocreport@cdc.gov)*; and
Send daily e-mail reports on the U.S. nationals situation to
the appropriate CA/OCS/ACS country officer.
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Assistance is required in locating an appropriate U.S.
hospital for U.S. national due to:
A quarantinable communicable disease;
A combination of symptoms suggestive of a quarantinable
communicable disease; or
Any other highly contagious communicable disease that could
pose a risk to the public for those traveling to or residing in the United
States after arrival.
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Notify the CDC's EOC (770-488-7100 or email eocreport@cdc.gov)*; and
Send daily e-mail reports on the U.S. nationals situation to
the appropriate CA/OCS/ACS country officer.
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A U.S national is being moved within or between regions
outside the United States and may eventually return to the United States and
may be infected with:
A quarantinable communicable disease;
A combination of symptoms suggestive of quarantinable
communicable disease; or
Any other highly contagious communicable disease.
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Notify the CDC's EOC
(770-488-7100 or email eocreport@cdc.gov)*; and
Send daily e-mail reports on the U.S. nationals situation to
the appropriate CA/OCS/ACS country officer.
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* NOTE: Unsecured personally identifiable
information (PII) should not be sent to the CDC
via email. PII may be provided via phone or secure facsimile. If
emailed, PII should be encrypted or in a password-protected document with
password provided in a separate email.
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e. The duty officer at CDCs Division of Global
Migration and Quarantine (DGMQ) will review the arrangements made for accepting
the patient with the air transport carrier and the physicians caring for or
transporting the patient. It is the patients and/or familys responsibility
to make arrangements with the receiving facility. The CDC does not make such
arrangements nor is it responsible for transportation to the receiving U.S.
hospital. DGMQ will arrange, as required, for public health service personnel
to meet the flight on arrival to ensure adequate precautionary (quarantine or
isolation) measures are taken and to make appropriate recommendations as
needed. CDCs DGMQ should be informed when and where the flight will
arrive prior to takeoff and of any significant changes which might occur during
the flight. CDC is not responsible for any aspect of the medical
evacuation or the quality of the assistance given to the patient.
f. Remember to send a front channel report by cable,
with appropriate follow-up cable reports. Remember to:
Use CASC, CMGT, TBIO, and AMED tags
Route Distribution of Telegram to:
CA/OCS/ACS/(your region)
The Desk Officer for your Country in the Geographic
Bureau involved
OES/IHA
DASHO
CDC Atlanta
HHS Global Health
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g Official Personnel and Dependents: Alert the
posts regional medical officer of any potential cases for his/her action
concerning official personnel and their dependents.
h. HHS Health Attachs at Posts: If necessary,
consult with HHS health attachs at the appropriate posts. The health
attachs' responsibilities include:
(1) Facilitating HHS, including CDC, activities, and
coordinating with the U.S. Embassy and host country/government;
(2) Assisting with recommendations for transport, if
necessary;
(3) Assisting in contacting local health officials and
CDC;
(4) Because most medical evacuation planes are smaller
than commercial airplanes, it may be necessary for them to stop in other
countries for refueling, or for the patient to be medically evacuated somewhere
else within the region rather than to the United States. When refueling
stops are required en route to the United States, or a patient is being
medically evacuated somewhere within the region rather than to the United
States, you should alert the posts concerned of the evacuation and provide them
with pertinent information about the U.S. nationals case;
(5) You may wish to identify and coordinate procedures
with other posts at medical evacuation refueling stops, or where the U.S.
national patient is most likely to be received; and
(6) Posts which frequently receive emergency medical
patients from other posts (because of their excellent medical facilities)
should establish contacts with the host countrys medical officials and become
familiar with the procedures regarding the acceptance of U.S. national patients
with highly contagious communicable diseases, including those requiring
quarantine.
i. Cross-border Land Medical Evacuations: For
cases requiring cross-border coordination, you should assist U.S. nationals in
obtaining the necessary documents or assistance from immigration and/or health
authorities and/or others as necessary.
j. Air Medical Evacuations in Cases with Communicable
Diseases Requiring Quarantine: Purchasing insurance for a medical
evacuation prior to travel is a prudent means of ensuring access to such
services when an accident or illness occurs in another country. There are a
number of air ambulance companies, some of which are listed on the Internet.
Note, however, that during the 2003 SARS epidemic, some private medical
evacuation companies refused to transport individuals infected with SARS.
DISCLAIMER: The Department assumes no responsibility or
liability for the professional ability or reputation of, or the quality of services
provided by, the medical professionals, medical facilities or air ambulance
services whose names appear on the following list. Names are listed
alphabetically and the order in which they appear has no implied
significance. Professional credentials and areas of expertise are
provided directly by the medical professional, medical facility, or air
ambulance service.
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Medaire
Corporate HQ Tel: 480-333-3700
Director of Operations: 602-317-1466
Medaires 24/7 GlobaLifeline
Telephone: 800-856-8200 or 480-333-3595
FAX: 480-333-3592
Website: www.medaire.com
Medjet
Birmingham International Airport
4900 69th Street North
Birmingham, Alabama 35206
Also with offices in Washington, DC, New York, and
Atlanta
Telephone: 800-963-3538
205-595-6626
FAX: 800-863-3538
Website: medjetassist.com
Phoenix Air
100 Phoenix Drive, SW
Cartersville, Goergia 30120
Telephone: 800-334-5360
770-387-2000
FAX: 770-386-3053
Website: phoenixair.com
SOS International
Alarm Center, Philadelphia, PA
Immediate Assistance: 215-942-8226
Telephone: 1-800-523-8930 or 1-215-942-8000
FAX: 215-244-9617
Website: internationalsos.com
k. Ultimately, it is the medical evacuation companys
decision on whether they have the capability to transport a patient if the
person has an illness of public health concern. If another new,
communicable disease is encountered, the commercial medical evacuation
companies may refuse to transport patients until more is known about the
disease and its transmission and potential risks to the patient and the planes
medical crew.
l. Land transportation to and from the
airplane/airport and the receiving medical facility must also be
arranged. As in the 2003 SARS epidemic, situations may be further
complicated when government authorities refuse to release individuals with
communicable diseases from the hospital and/or admit them into their
jurisdiction.
7 FAM 363.3 Patients with Diseases
Having Public Health Implications and U.S. Hospitals
(CT:CON-524; 07-10-2014)
a. CDC has negotiated several Memoranda of Agreement
with U.S. hospitals to accept patients with presumed communicable diseases of
public health concern. Depending on the severity of the patients
illness, the type of facility needed, and the flight route, the U.S. national
may not be able to be admitted to a hospital nearest to his/her home; the U.S.
national may have to be admitted to a hospital closest to his/her port of entry
in the United States.
b. To determine whether there is a hospital at the
intended U.S. destination willing and able to receive such patient, call CDC's
Emergency Operation Center (EOC) (770-488-7100) and ask for the DGMQ duty
officer.
c. Provide the following information:
(1) Name of patient;
(2) Date and place of birth;
(3) Address;
(4) Telephone number;
(5) Names of contacts; and
(6) Circumstances of the case.
* NOTE: Unsecured personally identifiable
information (PII) should not be sent to the CDC via email. PII may be provided via phone or
secure facsimile. If emailed, PII should be encrypted or in a
password-protected document with password provided in a separate email.
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d. The DGMQ duty officer will contact the appropriate
hospital(s) and then provide you with the name of the accepting hospital and
other information necessary to finalize medical evacuation arrangements.
The DGMQ duty officer may also help provide other contacts.
7 FAM 364 MEDICAL EVACUATION
TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS
7 FAM 364.1 SUMMARY
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
a. The U.S. Government generally does not fund
free-of-charge service for medical evacuation of private U.S. citizens from
overseas. (But see 7 FAM 1800 Consular Crisis Management and 7 FAM 1900 Crime
Victim Assistance.) Consular Information Sheets (see 7 FAM 050)
stress the importance of having adequate medical insurance coverage when
traveling abroad, including for medical evacuation. Repatriation loans (see 7 FAM 380) are
loans and are expected to be repaid. The U.S. citizens passport will not be
renewed if the person is in default, i.e., behind schedule in paying off the
loan, (see 7 FAM
1380 Passport Limitations).
b. There are three principal means of transport in
medical evacuation cases:
(1) Commercial airlines;
(2) Privately chartered jets or air ambulance
services; and
(3) U.S. Air Force Medical Evacuation (USAF Medevac).
c. Most patients and families rely on either
commercial air carrier or private air ambulance service. The choice depends on
the level of emergency care required during transport. All options of medical
transportation are expensive. The least expensive commercial airline usually
charges twice the full economy fare for a stretcher, in addition to the cost of
the tickets for the passenger and escort. Most airlines charge four or five
times the economy fare for a stretcher, plus the cost of the passengers
tickets.
d. It is difficult to predict the cost of a private air
ambulance charter. Pricing factors include the location of the emergency and
the current location of the plane that will be used. If a plane is stationed
in the area or is dead heading back to base (returning empty from a previous
trip), the cost will be less. Fees include medical staff and can be up to
$100,000 or more. The family may wish to call several companies before hiring
one.
e. U.S. Air Force medevacs are available only in very
limited circumstances. They are generally prohibitively expensive for private
citizens and are rarely used. The cost of U.S. Air Force Medevacs is based on
flying hours from point of origin to destination via pick-up point and back to
destination. This fee ranges from $2,000 to $10,000 per hour, depending on the
aircraft. If the flight is a scheduled USAF medevac flight, the cost is
usually three times that of a first class commercial fare, (see 7 FAM 364.5).
7 FAM 364.2 Private Charitable
Options and Commercial Air Carrier Compassionate Rates
(CT:CON-455; 04-26-2013)
a. Some charitable organizations provide guidance for
families facing serious medical problems abroad. Programs may involve
assisting in the transport of U.S. national patients to the United States for
care. Any list of commercial air carrier charitable programs should include
the following disclaimer.
DISCLAIMER: The U.S. Embassy/Consulate and the
Department of State assumes no responsibility or liability for the
professional ability or reputation of, or the quality of services provided by
the non-governmental organizations whose names appear below. We do not
endorse any of these organizations. Names of organizations are listed
alphabetically, and the order in which they appear has no other
significance.
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For Example
Air Care Alliance
Angel Flight
Doctors Without Borders
Make a Wish Foundation
Medical Wings
Operation Smile
Send Hope Organization
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b. Under certain limited circumstances, some commercial
air carriers have charitable programs to help in transporting patients.
Family, employers, or insurance companies or other representatives may wish to
contact airlines and ask for the medical department, special services
department or stretcher desk and explain the problem to identify options. In
dire circumstances, airlines may be able to provide suggestions and
alternatives. For example, CA/OCS has seen cases in which air carriers were
able to provide upgrades, special airport reception and other assistance for
relatives of U.S. national victims of serious accidents or disasters, (see 7
FAM 1800). Any list of commercial air carrier charitable programs should
include the following disclaimer.
DISCLAIMER: The U.S. Embassy/Consulate and the
Department of State assumes no responsibility or liability for the
professional ability or reputation of, or the quality of services provided by
the non-governmental organizations whose names appear below. We do not
endorse any of these organizations. Names of organizations are listed
alphabetically, and the order in which they appear has no other
significance.
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For Example
American Airlines Miles For Kids in Need
Continental Airlines Compassionate Fare
Delta SkyWish; Delta SkyWish Application Form
Northwest Aircares
United Air Lines Charity Miles
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7 FAM 364.3 Commercial Carriers
(CT:CON-858; 11-20-2018)
a. Airlines accepting stretcher cases all have slightly
different procedures. Each airline determines whom they transport and under
what conditions. Commercial carriers will not transport someone who is not
medically stable enough to travel. Posts should be generally familiar with the
medical clearance requirements of air carriers operating in the host country
and should have a point of contact to which families of ill or injured U.S.
citizens may be directed.
b. Direct families in the United States to the medical
department, special needs section, or stretcher desk of airlines operating
between the United States and the host country. All airlines require an
attending physicians statement with diagnosis and prognosis before they will
consider transporting the individual.
c. Each airline has its own doctor or a contract
doctor who must approve transport in advance. All airlines have medical forms
that are faxed to the attending physician for his/her completion.
d. International Air Transport Association, IATA Medical
Manual Resolution 700 on Acceptance and Carriage of Passengers Requiring Special Assistance. The Medical Information Form (MEDIF) can be found on IATA web site in the Medical Manual,
Appendix E. Attachment A is completed by the passenger (if possible) and
Attachment B is completed the attending physician. Many airlines also accept
the Frequent Travelers Medical Card (FREMED).
e. The Frequent Traveler's Medical Clearance (FREMEC) card
was designed for frequent flyers with mobility restrictions. The chip card is
valid on all airlines that belong to the International Air Transport
Association (IATA). It is valid for a specific period, depending on the
passengers disability, illness or general condition, so that frequent flyers
do not have to give their personal details each time they book a flight.
f. When linking to or listing information from
non-governmental organizations about this issue, include the following
disclaimer.
DISCLAIMER: The U.S. Embassy/Consulate and the
Department of State assumes no responsibility or liability for the
professional ability or reputation of, or the quality of services provided by
the non-governmental organizations whose names appear below. We do not
endorse any of these organizations. Names of organizations are listed
alphabetically, and the order in which they appear has no other significance.
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Sample Links
Air France Disabled Travelers
Air Malta MEDIF
Alitalia MEDIF
ANA MEDIF
Austrian Airlines MEDIF
Cathay Pacific Special Needs
JAL MEDIF; JAL Medical Information Form
Instructions
KLM Air Travel for Physically Challenged Passengers
Lufthansa Travel Without Barriers
Swiss International Airlines Medical Certificates;
Swiss International Airlines Special Assistance
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7 FAM 364.4 Air Ambulance Services
(CT:CON-763; 12-13-2017)
a. Air ambulance services can fly a fully equipped air
ambulance with medical staff, depending on the location and patients
condition.
b. Posts lists of doctors, hospitals and air ambulance
services may have additional information about local resources. This
information should be available on posts Internet home pages, (see 7 FAM 337). An
air ambulance service is sometimes part of a larger global emergency assistance
company that offers Western style medical clinics in major cities of developing
countries, contracts medical consultants in major cities, can dispatch
prescription medication and medical equipment, and can arrange medically
supervised repatriations on commercial carriers, private jets as well as on air
ambulances
c. The patient or the person authorized to act for
him/her, not the consular officer, is expected to make the arrangements with
the air ambulance service. That person should coordinate with the hospital and
the air ambulance service. Usually the next-of-kin, insurance company,
employer or guardian should make travel arrangements for a physically or
mentally ill person. If there is no next-of-kin or guardian and the patient is
being medically evacuated through a repatriation loan, the consular officer may
make the arrangements, but may not incur any financial responsibility in the
process. If there are language difficulties, post may provide appropriate
liaison assistance. 7 FAM 370 and 7 FAM 380
provides guidance about repatriation and EMDA loans, including guidance on what
to do if there is no next of kin or other guarantor and the patient is too sick
to sign.
d. Private air ambulance services, like commercial
carriers, have the right to refuse to transport patients. For example, air
ambulance companies refused to transport patients suffering from SARS. If
there is room, family members may usually accompany the patient. Post should
inform family members and the patient that there are usually strict limitations
on the amount of luggage they can take on a flight.
7 FAM 364.5 U.S. Air Force Medical Evacuation
and Availability of U.S. Military Hospitals for Emergency Care
7 FAM 364.5-1 Summary
(CT:CON-524; 07-10-2014)
a. Although U.S. Air Force (USAF) medical evacuations
(medevacs) are rarely used, detailed information is provided below to assist posts
in clarifying the issue for families and to ensure that necessary information
is readily available when USAF medevacs do become a viable option.
b. The USAF does not routinely medevac private U.S.
citizens at no cost.
c. Only active duty military and their dependents
receive free transport.
d. USAF medevacs for private U.S. nationals are
extremely expensive, and certain parameters specified in DOD Directives must be
met to qualify for transport. (See 7 FAM 364.5-2
authority.)
e. USAF medevacs can also take longer to arrange, and
not all countries permit the landing of U.S. Air Force medical flights.
7 FAM 364.5-2 Authority
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
a. Department of Defense (DOD) Regulation DODI 6000.11
Patient Movement provides:
DODI 6000.11 Patient Movement, Para 6.6.2.2
Requests for Urgent AE in Overseas Areas
C5.6.2.2.1 U.S. Civilians. On receipt of a
request for lifesaving movement in overseas commands, the theater surgeon
concerned is authorized to approve movement of U.S. citizens when it is determined
that an emergency involving immediate threat to life, limb or sight exists,
adequate care is locally unavailable, and suitable commercial AE is neither
available, feasible, nor adequate.
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b. See Joint Pub 4-02 (JP 4-02) Doctrine for Health
Support in Joint Operations, JP 3-07 Joint Doctrine for Military Operations
Other Than War, and U.S. Navy Flight Surgeons Manual, Humanitarian Aeromedical
Evacuation.
c. Disasters and Other Crises Involving Medical
Emergencies, see:
(1) Memorandum of Agreement between the Departments of
State and Defense on The Protection and Evacuation of U.S. Citizens and
Nationals and Designated Other Persons from Threatened Areas Overseas, signed
on July 2, 1998 by then Under Secretary of State Thomas R. Pickering and on
July 14, 1998 by then Under Secretary of Defense Walter B. Slocombe;
(2) 12 FAH-1 Emergency Planning Handbook; and
(3) 7 FAM 1800 Consular Crisis Management.
7 FAM 364.5-3 Global Patient
Movement Requirements Center
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
The Aeromedical Evacuation System (AES) functions are
coordinated by the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center (GPMRC), a unit
of the U.S. Transportation Command, at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois. The
primary role of the GPMRC is to coordinate with supporting resource providers
to identify assets which can be designated for use by the supported Theater
Patient Medical Requirements Centers (TPMRCs).
Contact:
Global Patient Movement Requirements Center
(GPMRC), Scott AFB, Illinois, 62225
Telephone: 1-800-303-9301 (24 hour number with duty
officer on call)
Commercial number 618-229-4200 (24 hours number
with duty officer on call)
See also:
Care Force
Walter Reed Army Medical Air Evacuation Office
Aeromedical Evacuation Changes
Virtual Naval Hospital
U.S. Navy Flight Surgeon Manual, Aeromedical
Evacuation
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7 FAM 364.5-4 Eligibility for
Transport
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
Department of Defense (DOD) regulations provide that to be
eligible for U.S. Air Force Medevac transport, the following criteria must be
met:
(1) Must be a U.S. national. (See, DOD 6000.11 para,
6.6.2.2.);
(2) Must be an emergency involving immediate threat to
life, limb or eyesight;
(3) Suitable care is not available locally;
(4) Scheduled service on commercial airlines and
charter air ambulance is not available or is inadequate; and
(5) Transport provided on a reimbursable basis.
7 FAM 364.5-5 Time to Arrange
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
Unless a scheduled military flight is used, at least 24
hours is needed to arrange a medevac flight. Frequently more time is required.
7 FAM 364.5-6 Routing
(CT:CON-120; 12-06-2005)
USAF routing is very limited. The USAF will fly the U.S.
citizen to the U.S. Air Force base nearest to the U.S. port of entry (POE):
(1) East Coast arrivals - Andrews AFB, near
Washington, DC;
(2) West Coast arrivals - Travis AFB, near San
Francisco; and
(3) If the final destination in the United States is
somewhere other than these two cities, onward commercial transportation must
usually be arranged by the family.
7 FAM 364.5-7 Costs
(CT:CON-858; 11-20-2018)
a. Cost is based on flying hours from point of origin
to destination via pick-up point and back to destination. This fee ranges from
$2,000 to $10,000 per hour depending on the aircraft. If a U.S. citizen is transported
on a scheduled military hop, the fare is 3 times that of a first class
commercial ticket between the same two points. This charge does not include
the services of medical staff, which is additional.
b. Payment or a secure guarantee of payment must be
made in advance. Funds to cover costs must be on deposit with CA/OCS/ACS or
post before final arrangements are made:
(1) This is generally accomplished by OCS Trust (see 7 FAM 324).
Family, friends, employer, insurance company or other interested persons
deposit funds with the Department of State or U.S. embassy or consulate.
(2) If funds are not immediately available, the U.S.
citizen, family or other interested party must sign a promissory note Form DS-3072
Evacuation Documentation, before the U.S. Department of State requests the USAF
to proceed.
(3) All USAF services are on a non-negotiable basis.
Fees are set by the Department of Defense.
c. If the USAF asks a U.S. embassy or consulate or
CA/OCS whether the Department of State has approved a medevac for which payment
has not been made, chops off on the medevac, or concurs with the medevac or
similar phrase, this means they are asking whether the U.S. Department of State
is sponsoring the flight and should be billed for the services. No federal
funding is provided for this purpose. Post or CA/OCS will advise the USAF that
the Department generally cannot sponsor a flight. (See 7 FAM 364.5-7
(b)) above, regarding advance payment or secure guarantee of payment by patient
or family.
d. Should the USAF determine that it will provide the
service without reimbursement, as a humanitarian gesture, the U.S. Department
of State would have no objection.
7 FAM 364.5-8 Submitting a
Request for U.S. Air Force Medevac
(CT:CON-763; 12-13-2017)
a. Requests from posts for USAF medevac are usually
made to CA/OCS/ACS by cable, (see 7 FAM Exhibit
364.4(8). Advance requests can be telephoned to CA/OCS/ACS, or the OCS
Duty Officer and Duty Director who can be reached through the U.S. Department
of State Operations Center.
b. Air Force medical evacuations arranged through
CA/OCS must be approved by the OCS Managing Director or Duty Director before
the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center (GPMRC) is contacted by post or
CA/OCS for assistance. When the OCS/ACS geographic division or OCS Duty
Officer receives posts request and analyzes the case options, if authorized by
the CA/OCS Managing Director or Duty Director, contact will then be made with
GPMRC.
c. This is usually done by CA/OCS, but could be done
by a post directly with GPMRC or the local overseas command theater surgeon.
d. The following information is needed when initial
contact with the USAF is made by post or the Department (CA/OCS):
(1) Name of patient;
(2) Evidence of the patients U.S. nationality and
identity;
(3) Address where the patient is located and the
address of the patients final destination;
(4) Attending physician diagnosis and prognosis;
(5) Why the attending physician considers that the
patient must be moved;
(6) Degree of risk to the patients life involved in
effecting the move according to attending physician;
(7) Any special equipment or arrangements required
during the move;
(8) Any other essential or helpful information; and
(9) Why adequate commercial/air ambulance service is
not available.
e. Post must fully report the situation to CA/OCS/ACS,
including the deposit amount required, and must attempt to obtain the deposit
from the patient or other concerned individuals. When the deposit is received
or it is determined that such funds will not be forthcoming, report this to
Posts Military Attach and CA/OCS/ACS.
7 FAM 365 through 369 unassigned
7 FAM Exhibit 364.4(8)
Model Cable Requesting USAF MEDEVAC
(CT:CON-763; 12-13-17)
SECSTATE WASH DC
HQ USAF WASHINGTON DC
CDR USTRANSCOM SCOTT AFB IL
HQ AMC SCOTT AFB IL
Based on region, add the following additional address(es)
to the basic address, as appropriate:
(1) For cases originating in EUR, NEA, AF, add:
HQ USAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE
(2) For cases originating in EAP add:
INFO: HQ PACAF HICKAM AFB HI
374th AES YOKOTA AB JA
(3) For cases originating in WHA, add:
INFO: GPMPC SCOTT AFB IL
HQ USTC SCOTT AFB IL GPMRC
CDR USTRANSCOM SCOTT AFB IL
TAGS: CASC
SUBJECT: MEDICAL EMERGENCY: REQUEST FOR U.S. AIR FORCE
MEDICAL EVACUATION/MEDEVAC
1. Request is made for consideration of U.S. Air Force
Medevac for private U.S. citizen.
2. The patients full name, date and place of birth,
and U.S. passport number, date and place of issuance, or other evidence of U.S.
citizenship;
3. The name(s) and relationship of the individual(s)
who will accompany the U.S. citizen patient;
4. The name, address, telephone number, and
relationship of NOK, friend, or business associate in the United States who may
be contacted for a deposit of funds and for additional information or
assistance;
5. Please note that:
a. the patient is suffering from a life or limb
threatening illness/injury and in the opinion of attending physicians adequate
medical treatment is not available locally;
b. commercial carrier or commercial air ambulance
service is not available locally; or
c. the patient has been refused passage by a
commercial carrier or air ambulance service and the reason given for refusal;
6. A notation that medical evacuation by USAF has been
recommended by a licensed physician, preferably a U.S. military doctor, and the
doctors reason for the use of USAF rather than commercial carrier;
7. A statement certifying that medical evacuation by
the USAF is in the national interest, including the reason(s) for such a
conclusion;
8. The name, address, and telephone number of the
place where the patient is presently located;
9. The name, address, and telephone number of the
patients attending physician;
10. A detailed medical diagnosis and prognosis;
11. A statement that funds have been or will be
deposited at post; that a promissory note has been obtained or a request that
the Department obtain funds from the NOK;
12. The name and relationship to the patient of the
person who has given the post a written declaration accepting full
responsibility for the decision to use the medical evacuation facility and
absolving the U.S. Government of liability with respect to any claim resulting
from its use;
13. In a mental illness case, the name and
relationship to the patient of the person who authorizes in writing the
furnishing of necessary treatment and care to the patient;
14. The date when the patient is available for travel;
15. The name of the airport closest to the patients
location where the USAF MEDEVAC aircraft can land and the length of its runway
16. The name, address, and telephone number of the
hospital in the United States to which the patient is destined;
17. The name, address, and telephone number of the
doctor in the United States who will receive the patient for treatment;
18. The name, address, and telephone number of the
ambulance service at the destination that will transport the patient from the
airport of arrival to the receiving hospital (this information is most often
obtained from persons listed.