9 FAM 302.4
(U) Ineligibility based on Controlled Substance
Violations - INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) and INA 212(a)(2)(C)
(CT:VISA-884; 07-02-2019)
(Office of Origin: CA/VO/L/R)
9 FAM 302.4-1 (U) Statutory and
REgulatory Authority
9 FAM 302.4-1(A) (U)
Immigration and Nationality Act
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) INA 101(a)(48) (8 U.S.C.
1101(a)(48)); INA 212(a)(2)(A) (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(A)); INA 212(a)(2)(C) (8
U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(C)); INA 212(d)(3)(A) (8 U.S.C. 182(d)(3)(A)); INA 212(h) (8
U.S.C. 1182(h)).
9 FAM 302.4-1(B) (U) Code of
Federal of Regulations
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) 21 CFR 1308.11; 21 CFR
1308.12; 21 CFR 1308.13; 21 CFR 1308.14; 21 CFR 1308.14; 21 CFR 1308.15; 22 CFR
40.21.
9 FAM 302.4-1(C) (U) United
States Code
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) 21 U.S.C. 802.
9 FAM 302.4-1(D) (U) Public
Laws
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) Comprehensive Crime Control
Act of 1984 (Public Law 98-473); Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 (Public Law
99-570).
9 FAM 302.4-2 (U) Crimes
Involving Controlled Substance Violations - INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II)
9 FAM 302.4-2(A) (U) Grounds
(CT:VISA-344; 04-18-2017
(U) INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) renders
ineligible any alien with past convictions for (or who admits having committed,
or who admits committing acts constituting), a violation of, or conspiracy or attempt to violate, any law or regulation of a state, the United States, or a foreign
country relating to a controlled substance, as defined in section 102 of the
Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802). Note that whether or not a
controlled substance is legal under a state law is not relevant to its
illegality under federal law.
9 FAM 302.4-2(B) (U)
Application
9 FAM 302.4-2(B)(1) (U)
Controlled Substance List and its Effect on INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II)
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) The Drug Enforcement,
Education and Control Act (DEECA) of 1986, also known as the Anti-Drug Abuse
Act of 1986, was signed into law on October 27, 1986. DEECA broadened the
scope of INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i) to encompass a conviction for any violation
relating to a controlled substance as defined in section 102 of that Act rather
than certain violations relating to drugs or narcotics specifically enumerated
in the predecessor section to INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) or specifically listed in
the statute. For example, LSD, amphetamines, barbiturates, Seconal and
Phencyclidene (PCP or Angel Dust), which are included in the list of
controlled substances, are now incorporated into INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II),
whereas, previously, they had not been. Moreover, the distinction between
use and possession has been eliminated by the Anti-Drug Abuse Act. Furthermore,
removing the phrase guilty knowledge from the earlier version of INA
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) eliminates the Lennon distinction. (See 9 FAM
302.4-2(B)(3).) In addition, the law applies to both foreign and domestic
drug convictions. For a list of controlled substances please see 21 CFR
1308.11 through 1308.15.
9 FAM 302.4-2(B)(2) (U)
Controlled Substance Includes Marijuana
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) A controlled substance (as
defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802)),
applies to marijuana as well as other controlled substances, which are defined
in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act and in 21 CFR 1308. For the
purpose of these Notes, the term marijuana includes any of the various parts
or products of the plant Cannabis Sativa L., such as bhang, ganga, charras,
Indian hemp, dagga, hashish, and cannabis resin.
9 FAM 302.4-2(B)(3) (U)
Defining Conviction
(CT:VISA-884; 07-02-2019)
a. (U) In
General: A finding of ineligibility under INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) may
be based on a conviction of a violation of, or an attempt to or conspiracy to
violate, any law or regulation of a State, the United States, or a foreign
country relating to a controlled substance. It may also be based on a
legally-valid admission as defined in 9 FAM
302.3-2(B)(4), also see 9 FAM
302.4-(B)(4) below.
b. (U) Determining
Existence of Conviction and Evidence:
(1) (U) General
Definition: For a definition of the term conviction for purposes of INA
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) please see 9 FAM
302.3-2(B)(3).
(2) (U) Juvenile
Delinquency: The Federal provisions relating to juvenile delinquency
discussed in 9 FAM
302.3-2(B)(8) also apply to convictions for simple possession of controlled
substances.
(3) (U) Federal
First Offense Judicial Actions and State Equivalents:
(a) (U) The Comprehensive Crime
Control Act of 1984, effective October 12, 1984, repealed the Federal First
Offender provisions cited as 21 U.S.C. 844(b)(1). Prior to the repeal it had
been held that judicial treatment under this section did not result in a
conviction for immigration purposes. See Matter of Seda, 17 I. & N. Dec.
550 (BIA 1988); Matter of Werk, 6 I. & N. Dec. 234 (BIA 1977). In cases
involving simple possession of a controlled substance, 21 U.S.C. 844(b)(1)
permitted the court to withhold a judgment of guilt following a finding of
guilt (thus drawing a distinction between a judgment and a finding of
guilt by a guilty plea or trial). Therefore, a withholding of a judgment of
guilt by a court under the Federal First Offender Provisions did not meet the
standard required for establishing that an offender had been
"convicted".
(b) (U) For cases prosecuted in
1984 or earlier, if prosecuted under 21 U.S.C. 844(b)(1) prior to its repeal of
the Federal First Offender Provisions, they would retain the favorable
treatment of this procedure and, likewise, retain the benefit for visa
purposes.
(c) (U) Applying
State Equivalents to 21 U.S.C. 844(b)(1):
(i) (U) In general, a state
expungement or other relief for controlled substance convictions will not be
effective for immigration purposes. An alien "convicted" under a
state statute for a drug-related offense, however, may not be subject to INA
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) if it can be established that he or she would have been
eligible for Federal first offender treatment had the prosecution occurred
under Federal law.
(ii) (U) Relief can be
extended to aliens prosecuted under state law who meet the following criteria:
(U) The alien is a first offender, i.e.,
he or she has not previously been convicted of violating any Federal or state
law relating to controlled substances;
(U) The alien has pled to or been found
guilty of the offense of simple possession of a controlled substance;
(U) The alien has not previously been
accorded first offender treatment under any law; and
(U) The court has entered an order
pursuant to a state rehabilitative statute under which the alien's criminal
proceedings have been deferred pending successful completion of probation or
the proceedings have been or will be dismissed after probation.
(d) Unavailable
(e) Unavailable
(4) (U) Judicial
Recommendation Against Deportation (JARD): See 9 FAM
302.3-2(B)(3).
(5) (U) Action
After Conviction:
(a) (U) Expungements:
In general, expungements (domestic or foreign expungements) of convictions for
purposes of INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) do not remove the existence of a conviction
with respect to a finding of ineligibility under that section. The one
exception to this generalization is noted below:
(i) (U) Prior to the passage
of 101(a)(48) a full expungement of a conviction under U.S. law had been held
to be equivalent in effect to a pardon granted under INA 237(a)(2)(A)(v) and
served to eliminate the effect of the conviction for most immigration
purposes. In light of the passage of 101(a)(48), the Board of Immigration
Appeals in Matter of Roldan, 22 I & N. Dec. 512 (BIA 1999), determined that
judicial expungements based on rehabilitative or ameliorative statutes (laws
that allowed for expungement of a sentence by a court based on a showing that
the defendant had been rehabilitated or was otherwise worthy of relief) would
no longer be recognized as effective for eliminating the conviction for
immigration purposes.
(ii) (U) The Ninth Circuit
Court of Appeals, however, disagreed with this holding, and in a series of
cases determined that state judicial expungements will be considered effective
for eliminating the conviction if the alien would have been eligible for relief
under the Federal First Offender Act or similar statute (see 9 FAM
302.4-2(B)(3) paragraph b(3) above Federal First Offense Judicial Actions
and State Equivalents). Because of the complexity of this issue, cases that
involve claims for state judicial expungement relief must be submitted as an AO
to CA/VO/L/A.
(b) (U) Pardons:
No pardon of whatever kind, executive or legislative, foreign or domestic, has
any effect with respect to ineligibility under INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II).
(c) (U) Suspending
Sentence, Probation, or Commutation: A conviction exists for the
purpose of INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) even if the sentence has been suspended,
reduced, mitigated, or commuted, or the alien has been granted probation or
parole or has otherwise been relieved in whole or in part of the penalty
imposed. Post-conviction modifications to a person's criminal record, unless
they are based on an underlying defect in the original legal proceedings, do
not affect the definition of "conviction" under the INA for the
purposes of applying visa ineligibilities.
(d) (U) Appeals:
For the purposes of adjudicating a visa application, a visa applicant has been
convicted of a criminal offense when the conviction is entered by a judge.
It does not matter whether the applicant has filed a direct appeal of the
conviction to a higher court, nor whether the appeal period has expired. You
must refuse the visa accordingly. However, a conviction no longer exists if
the judgment of conviction has been overturned on appeal to a higher court. If
an applicant presents evidence that the conviction was overturned on appeal,
review the document to make sure that all convictions that would result in ineligibility
have been overturned. If you are uncertain whether all relevant charges were overturned
on appeal, you may submit the case to your advisor in CA/VO/L/A for an advisory
opinion. A prior visa refusal based on a conviction does not require denial of
a later visa application, if the applicant establishes that the conviction has
been overturned on appeal. However, if the first finding of inadmissibility
was entered by the Department of Homeland Security, you should refer to the
guidance found at 9 FAM 303.3-5(E).
(e) (U) Vacating
Conviction: Various jurisdictions use different terms and procedures
for the act of vacating (i.e., annulling or repealing) their own prior
judgments. These are not appellate actions but actions of the original court.
In determining whether a vacated conviction is still effective for immigration
purposes, the consular officer should follow the guidance set forth in 9 FAM
302.3-2(B)(3) paragraph k
("Vacating a Conviction"). However, a determination of ineligibility
under INA 212(a)(2)(C) might still be appropriate even if an applicant's drug
convictions are not effective for the purpose of applying INA
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II).
c. (U) Intent
Relating to Ineligibility Resulting from Conviction:
(1) (U) Prior to its amendment
under the DEECA of 1986, the former 212(a)(23) provided for a finding of
ineligibility resulting from a conviction for the illicit possession of
certain substances; the term illicit was at the time interpreted to mean
guilty knowledge. Thus prior to 1986, in order for an alien to be found
ineligible as the result of a conviction for the possession of drugs, the
statute under which the alien was convicted had to have contained a requirement
that the alien knew the drugs were in his or her possession.
(2) (U) The current version of
INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) contains no word equivalent to illicit.
Therefore, a conviction for possession or any other activity relating
to a controlled substance will render an alien ineligible regardless of
whether the statute under which the alien was convicted contains an element of
guilty knowledge as a requirement for conviction and regardless of whether it
is alleged that the alien did not knowingly participate in the activity.
9 FAM 302.4-2(B)(4) (U)
Admissions
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
(U) An alien may be found
ineligible if he or she admits to committing the essential elements of a drug
violation in lieu of a conviction under INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) (see 9 FAM
302.3-2(B)(4) for the standards that must be followed in obtaining a
legally-valid admission in lieu of conviction).
9 FAM 302.4-2(B)(5) (U)
Juvenile Drug Convictions
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) Aliens
Under Age 18: An alien who is convicted of or who admits to having
committed or who admits committing acts which constitute the essential elements
of a minor drug offense(s) relating to simple possession or use of controlled
substances, i.e., offenses other than those involving trafficking,
importing/exporting, or manufacturing (18 U.S.C. 802(15)), shall not be
considered ineligible for any visa under INA 212(a)(2)(A)(ii) based solely upon
any such conviction or admission if the acts which are the subject of the
conviction or admission occurred while the alien was under the age of eighteen.
Specifically excluded from such treatment, however, are convictions or
admissions relating to drug trafficking, importing/exporting, and
manufacturing. It is worth noting that this does not apply to findings of
ineligibility under INA 212(a)(2)(C)(i).
b. (U) Minors
Involved in Trafficking, Importing/Exporting or Manufacturing of Controlled
Substances: If there is reasonable belief on your part that, despite
having been convicted of or having admitted to only a minor drug offense, the
alien was directly involved in or aided or abetted trafficking,
importing/exporting, or manufacturing of a controlled substance, you may still
find the alien ineligible under INA 212(a)(2)(C). Likewise, after medical
examination, the alien could be found ineligible under INA 212(a)(1) for
substance abuse. (See 9 FAM
302.2-2(B).) You should ensure to address all relevant grounds of
ineligibility that may apply to any visa application.
9 FAM 302.4-2(B)(6) Unavailable
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) The Department should be
notified in advance of the travel plans of any alien to whom a visa has been
issued in whose case it is believed that the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) may
have an interest and the reasons why there may be interest in the case by that
Agency. Cable tags should show:
CAPTIONS: VISAS; TAGS: CVIS, DEA
and SUBJECT: OPERATIONS; Travel of (name of alien):
possible interest Drug Enforcement Agency.
b. Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-2(C) (U) Advisory
Opinion
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
(U) If an advisory opinion is
required or needed in any visa case, and the case involves a criminal
conviction, you must ensure that you gather all of the necessary information,
consistent with the guidance in 9 FAM
302.3-2(C), before submitted an advisory
opinion request.
9 FAM 302.4-2(D) (U) Waiver
9 FAM 302.4-2(D)(1) (U)
Waivers for Immigrants
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) Principal
Alien and Simple Possession of Marijuana: An immigrant visa applicant who
is ineligible under INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) due to a single offense of simple
possession of 30 grams or less of marijuana is eligible to apply for a waiver
of ineligibility under INA 212(h) if it is established to the satisfaction of
the Attorney General that:
(1) (U) The activities for
which the alien is inadmissible occurred more than 15 years before the date of
the aliens application for visa;
(2) (U) The aliens admission
to the United States would not be contrary to the national welfare, safety, or
security; and
(3) (U) The alien has been
rehabilitated.
b. (U) Certain
Relatives of U.S. Citizens or Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs): An
alien immigrant who is the spouse, parent, son, or daughter of a U.S. citizen
or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States may
apply for a waiver under INA 212(h) if:
(1) (U) The principal alien
was found inadmissible under INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) insofar as it relates to a
single offense of simple possession of 30 grams or less of marijuana;
(2) (U) It is established to
the Attorney Generals satisfaction that the exclusion of such alien would
result in extreme hardship to the U.S. citizen or lawfully resident spouse,
parent, son, or daughter; and
(3) (U) The Attorney General
has consented to the aliens applying or reapplying for a visa to the United
States.
c. (U) Evidence
of Eligibility to Apply for a Waiver: When the court records or
statutes leave doubt concerning an aliens eligibility for a waiver, you must
ensure that complete records and copies of all relevant portions of the statute
under which the conviction was obtained are scanned into the case, as well as
any available commentary by authorities or prior judicial holdings.
d. (U) Procedures:
See 9
FAM 302.3-2(D)(1) paragraph d.
9 FAM 302.4-2(D)(2) (U) Waivers
for Nonimmigrants
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
(U) An INA 212(d)(3)(A) waiver is
available for nonimmigrant visa applicants found inadmissible under INA
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II). You should consider the following factors, among others,
when deciding whether to recommend a waiver:
(1) (U) The recency and
seriousness of the activity or condition causing the alien's inadmissibility;
(2) (U) The reasons for the
proposed travel to the United States;
(3) (U) The positive or
negative effect, if any, of the planned travel on U.S. public interests.
9 FAM 302.4-2(E) Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-2(E)(1) Unavailable
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-2(E)(2) Unavailable
(CT:VISA-206; 09-30-2016)
Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-3 (U) Controlled
Substance Trafficking - INA 212(a)(2)(C)
9 FAM 302.4-3(A) (U) Grounds
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
(U) INA 212(a)(2)(C) renders ineligible:
(1) (U) Any alien who the
consular officer or DHS knows or has reason to believe is or has been an
illicit trafficker in any controlled substance or in any listed chemicals as
defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802), or is
or has been a knowing aider, abettor, assister, conspirator, or colluder with
others, in the illicit trafficking in any controlled or listed substance or
chemicals, or endeavored to do so. Such a person is ineligible under INA
212(a)(2)(C)(i); or
(2) (U) Any alien who the
consular officer has reason to believe is the spouse, son, or daughter of an
alien inadmissible under clause (i), and has, within the previous 5 years,
obtained any financial or other benefit from the illicit activity of that
alien, and knew or reasonably should have known that the financial or other
benefit was the product of such illicit activity. Such a person is ineligible under
INA 212(a)(2)(C)(ii).
9 FAM 302.4-3(B) (U)
Application
9 FAM 302.4-3(B)(1) (U)
Examples of Trafficking
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) The first clause of INA
212(a)(2)(C) has been found to apply in a broad range of cases, including a
single purchase of drugs with the intent to resell them, but without the resale
actually having occurred. It has also been held that an alien is a trafficker
even though the alien receives no personal gain or profit from the transaction
if the alien acts knowingly and consciously as a conduit between supplier and
customer. The Attorney General has held that a single act of conscious
participation as an 'illicit trafficker' is within the meaning of INA
212(a)(2)(C).
b. (U) It must be noted that,
unlike INA 212(a)(2)(D), the language in the first clause of INA 212(a)(2)(C)
makes no mention of engaging in any proscribed activities. Therefore, the
term illicit trafficker does not require that one has been engaged
continuously in illicit trafficking. Rather, it denotes a person whose
involvement with narcotic drugs includes trafficking, whether primary or
incidental; past or present. The standard of proof for INA 212(a)(2)(C) is
reason to believe. The "reason to believe" standard is
substantially lower than what would be required for a conviction in a court of
law. For example, a consular officer may find that there is sufficient reason
to believe that an applicant is a narcotics trafficker even though criminal
charges have been dismissed, or even if an alien has never been arrested. See 9 FAM
302.4-3(B)(3) below.
c. (U) If an alien has been
convicted of a narcotics-related crime, it is possible that he or she may be
ineligible under three or more separate ineligibilities: INA
212(a)(2)(A)(i)(I), INA 212(a)(2)(A)(i)(II), and/or INA 212(a)(2)(C)(i). All
related INA 212(a) ineligibilities should be assessed and entered separately,
if applicable. You may refer the applicant to the panel physician if an INA
212(a)(1)(A) ineligibility is suspected.
9 FAM 302.4-3(B)(2) (U)
Assistor, Abettor, Conspirator or Colluder
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) In
General: Aliens who are or have been involved in activities supporting
the trafficking in controlled substances are also ineligible. These activities
include, but are not limited to:
(1) (U) Knowingly laundering
money for traffickers either directly or by claiming ownership or direction of,
or operating for traffickers a front business financed at least in part by drug
proceeds;
(2) (U) Knowingly facilitating
trafficking by providing airstrips for the movement of drugs or secure premises
for drug transactions; or
(3) (U) Knowingly accepting
the proceeds of trafficking in return for direct assistance in trafficking
activities, especially acceptance of such proceeds by public officials such as
police, customs inspectors, immigration officials or judges.
b. (U) Foreign
Policy Implication or Public Interest Cases: Other than cases with
significant foreign policy implication or significant public interest, findings
of ineligibility in the cases listed above do not require an advisory opinion
from the Department before refusing the visa under that ground of ineligibility.
However, in those cases where a foreign policy implication or public interest
you must submit a request for an advisory opinion to your advisory in CA/VO/L).
For information on submitting an advisory opinion see 9 FAM
302.4-3(C) below.
9 FAM 302.4-3(B)(3) (U)
Reason to Believe
(CT:VISA-850; 06-04-2019)
a. (U) Under INA 212(a)(2)(C),
if you have reason to believe that the alien is or has been engaged in
trafficking, or has assisted another in trafficking as described in 9 FAM 302.4-3(B)(2), the standard of proof is met and you should
make a finding of ineligibility.
b. (U) Reason to believe
might be established by a conviction, an admission, a long record of arrests
with an unexplained failure to prosecute by the local government, or several
reliable and corroborative reports. The essence of the standard is that the
consular officer must have more than a mere suspicion; there must exist a
probability, supported by evidence, that the alien is or has been engaged in
trafficking. You are required to assess independently any evidence relating to
a finding of ineligibility.
c. Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-3(B)(4) (U)
Spouse, Son, or Daughter Benefiting from Trafficking
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) INA 212(a)(2)(C)(ii)
states that the spouse, son, or daughter of a person who is ineligible under
INA 212(a)(2)(C)(i) is also ineligible if he or she, within the past five
years, obtained any financial or other benefit as a result of his or her
spouse's (or parent's) narcotics trafficking and knew or reasonably should have
known that the benefit was obtained as a result of illicit activity.
b. (U) Ineligibility under INA
212(a)(2)(C)(ii) does not require that the primary alien must have applied for
a visa or have been formally refused under INA 212(a)(2)(C)(i). It requires an
assessment that if the alien spouse or parent were to apply for a visa he or
she would be found ineligible under INA 212(a)(2)(C)(i).
c. (U) A son or daughter
remains the son or daughter of an alien found ineligible under INA
212(a)(2)(C)(ii) even after the death of the ineligible alien parent and even
after the son or daughter turns 21. However, as described above, the financial
or other benefit must have been obtained with the last five years.
d. (U) INA 212(a)(2)(C)(ii) only
applies to spouses who are currently married to aliens found ineligible under
INA 212(a)(2)(C)(i). It does not include those whose marriage has ended due to
divorce or the death of the inadmissible alien. If you determine that a
divorce has been obtained for the purposes of avoiding ineligibility under INA
212(a)(2)(C), and the divorce is less than
five years old, you should submit a request for an AO to your CA/VO/L/A liaison.
9 FAM 302.4-3(C) (U) Advisory Opinion
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
a. (U) Required: When a case
implicates foreign policy concerns or has a potential public interest, it must
be submitted for an AO. See 9 FAM
302.4-3(B)(2) paragraph b for more information.
b. Unavailable
c. Unavailable
d. Unavailable
e. Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-3(D) (U) Waiver
9 FAM 302.4-3(D)(1) (U)
Waivers for Immigrants
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
(U) There is no immigrant visa
waiver under INA 212(h), or any other ground in the INA, for persons ineligible
under 212(a)(2)(C).
9 FAM 302.4-3(D)(2) (U)
Waivers for Nonimmigrants
(CT:VISA-800; 05-17-2019)
(U) An INA 212(d)(3)(A) waiver is
available for nonimmigrant visa applicants found ineligible under INA
212(a)(2)(C) if the consular officer or the Secretary of State chooses to
recommend one. You should consider the following factors, among others, when
deciding whether to recommend a waiver:
(1) (U) The recency and
seriousness of the activity or condition causing the alien's inadmissibility;
(2) (U) The reasons for the
proposed travel to the United States;
(3) (U) The positive or
negative effect, if any, of the planned travel on U.S. public interests.
9 FAM 302.4-3(E) Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-3(E)(1) Unavailable
(CT:VISA-884; 07-02-2019)
a. Unavailable b. Unavailable
9 FAM 302.4-3(E)(2) Unavailable
(CT:VISA-884; 07-02-2019)
a. Unavailable
b. Unavailable